The pure malachite sample utilized in the experimental study was obtained from Daye, Hubei Province. The samples were screened after grinding, and the products within a particle size range of 37–74 μm were collected for micro-flotation test.
Because Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ are often present during malachite flotation, we sought to thoroughly investigate the influences of these ions on the process and products of malachite sulfidization. First, we investigated the changes in the sulfidization layer after the interaction of malachite with Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ using time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF …
To verify the activation effect of a small amount of copper ion on malachite flotation, we compared the malachite flotation test with and without added copper ions. According to the flotation test results in Fig. 1, the flotation test was carried out with the concentration of xanthate as the variable, and the concentrations of Cu 2+ and Na 2 S ...
What is a flotation test? A known amount of ore and water is added to create a slurry. Next, reagents are added to change the surface properties of the material. Then, chemicals called collectors are added to the slurry to form hydrophobic surfaces on the constituent of interest. Air or nitrogen is then bubbled through the agitated slurry.
The flotation recovery of malachite under different activator systems as a function of pH is presented in Fig. 2 (a). In the [Cu(NH 3) 4] 2+ activated sulfidation system, the flotation recovery of malachite gradually increased within the pH 6 ∼ 9, after reaching the maximum value of approximately 86.9 %, the malachite recovery decreased with further increase of pH.
Malachite is one of the most important copper-bearing oxide minerals; however, it shows poor floatability prior to sulfidization under the thiol collector system. This study investigated the reasons for the low recovery of malachite flotation without sulfidization. The results of adsorption capacity and contact angle test indicated that the malachite surface …
In single mineral flotation test, 40 mL of deionized water and 2.0 g of malachite or talc samples were placed in the flotation cell. Then, NaOH or HCl solution was used to adjust the pH to an expected value, after which the desired amount of famciclovir was added and allowed to react for 3 min, and then 2# oil was added and allowed to react for ...
In this research, the flotation performance and adsorption mechanism of tert-butylsalicylaldoxime (TBSA) to malachite were studied by micro-flotation, contact angle, zeta potential, FTIR and XPS analysis.The result of micro-flotation tests indicated TBSA yielded high malachite recovery and satisfied selectivity against calcite or silica at pH 9.0–10.5.
The flotation performance of phthalic acid on malachite and quartz was evaluated by micro-flotation test. The results show that phthalic acid has strong adsorption and selectivity for malachite and can effectively separate malachite and quartz. ... MARION C, JORDENS A, LI R H, et al. An evaluation of hydroxamate collectors for malachite ...
Malachite is one of the most important copper-bearing oxide minerals; however, it shows poor floatability prior to sulfidization under the thiol collector system. This study investigated the reasons for the low recovery of …
Malachite undergoes hydration and exhibits a weak hydrophobicity in the pulp [11].At present, the sulfide-xanthate flotation method is the most popular flotation technology in malachite flotation process [12].The sulfidization flotation is a flotation method in which a sulfidizing agent is added to the pulp, and it encompasses several limitations such as …
Fig. 8 also compares the flotation recoveries of malachite following direct sulfidization and in the presence of Mg 2+. The results show that Mg 2+ hinders malachite sulfidization–flotation. Therefore, both Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ impede the sulfidization process and reduce the flotation recovery of malachite. Download: Download high-res image (175KB)
In this study, evolution of the sulfide product morphology on the malachite surface was observed after treatment with various concentrations of sodium sulfide. In addition, the …
The flotation test results showed that TMT exhibited superior activation performance over sodium sulfide, achieving a high flotation recovery rate of 97.50 % at TMT 90 mg/L and pH 7. The contact angle confirmed malachite improved from 53.3° to 90.1° after TMT treatment, indicating enhanced hydrophobicity of the mineral surface.
In our study, the flotation test for pure minerals such as malachite, calcite, and quartz was conducted using a 30 mL XFGII-type flotation machine, which operated at a constant speed of 1758 revolutions per minute without the …
At the Na 2 S concentration of 5 × 10 −4 M recommended by the flotation test, the adsorption density of S species on the TEA-modified malachite surfaces was approximately 0.118 mmol/m 2, which was about 13.46 % higher than that on the unmodified malachite (approximately 0.104 mmol/m 2). The results also provided evidence that TEA ...
In this study, the goal was to investigate the effect of the sulfurization process using different types of sulfidizer reagents, such as ammonium sulfide and sodium sulfide, on …
Sulfidization followed by xanthate flotation is an effective technique to recover copper oxide minerals.However, the sulfidization mechanism of malachite has not been determined. In this work, the sulfidization mechanism was investigated by microflotation, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), …
The test results are shown in Fig. 10 (e) and (f). ... Fig. 12 demonstrates that the malachite flotation recovery increased from 74.11% to 95.66% with the increase in cupferron concentration from 100 mg/L to 500 mg/L. As shown in Fig. 13, at a cupferron dosage of 300 mg/L and pH values of 7–11, the recovery of malachite was more than 80% ...
without sulfidation prior to flotation, and the flotation recoveries of malachite were 20.42% at 2× 10 −5 mol/L concentration of NaBX and 51.36% at 1× 10 −3 mol/L concentration of NaBX ...
Fig. 1 XRD pattern of malachite 2.2 Flotation test A micro-flotation experiment was conducted by operating an XFG II flotation machine with an effective cell volume of 40 mL. The impeller speed of flotation machine was l650 r/min. Firstly, malachite was dispersed in water for 2 min. After the pH adjustment, a collector was introduced and ...
The micro-flotation test results showed that 5-NSA produced high recovery of malachite at pH 9.0–10.0, while showing lower collecting power to calcite or quartz. The contact angle analysis results indicated that the hydrophobicity of malachite surface was promoted after the adsorption of 5-NSA.
Calcite Flotation Test 6 ... Copper carbonate in the form of malachite and azunite are more common and arc frequently seen intermixed with chrysocolla and iron oxide with a grain size up to 750µm. Chalcocite is the most abundant copper sulfide and is generally seen replacing chalcopyrite and bornite. It is common to see chalcocite with cores ...
When the pH is higher than 10, numerous hydroxide anions exist in the pulp, which can competitively adsorb with xanthate anions on the malachite surface, thus decreasing the flotation recovery of malachite. Similar to the flotation results of malachite, chrysocolla and cuprite show good floatability at pH 9 and 9.5, respectively [91], [92].
In each flotation test, 3 g of the fine malachite sample (−25 µm) was conditioned for 2 min in 130 mL of distilled water, and the suspension was adjusted to the desired pH by using HCl or NaOH. Then, a given amount of octyl hydroxamate was added and conditioned for 3 min. After that, the conditioned slurry was transferred to the Hallimond ...
This study investigated the reasons for the low recovery of malachite flotation without sulfidization. The results of adsorption capacity and contact angle test indicated that the malachite ...
For an artificially mixed minerals micro-flotation test, 2.0 g of mixed minerals with a 1/1 mass ratio of malachite to calcite were used as the feed samples. All the procedures were kept the same as the single mineral micro-flotation test as above. The flotation recovery for malachite or calcite in each test was calculated based on Eq.
Abstract: In this study, the effects of copper ions (Cu2+) on the sulfidization (Na2S) flotation of malachite was investigated using micro-flotation experiments, zeta-potential measurements, X …
and calcite on the flotation behavior and surface characteristics of both minerals was investigated. Flotation tests indicated that malachite recovery decreased when the calcite supernata.
Flotation collectors play an important role in obtaining copper concentrate [10], [11], [12]monly, xanthate used as collector in malachite flotation must be combined with sulfurizing reagent (Na 2 S, NaHS or (NH 4) 2 S), but the concentration of sulfurizing reagent is difficult to be accurately calculated due to their differential reaction with various copper …
EDS semi-quantitative analysis and XPS analysis show that malachite was easily sulfurized by sodium sulfide with ammonium ion. These results show that the addition of ammonium ion plays a...
