Utilization of cheap raw materials for the production of fungal lipid-rich biomass would reduce the production cost, and consequently the cost of the resulting lipid products [5, 6]. Among different raw materials available, food rest materials could be a good alternative for fungal SCOs production. ... After the pretreatment, food rest ...
In this chapter, various green pretreatment methods, such as organosolvent pretreatment, biological pretreatment, supercritical fluids, deep eutectic solvents, and other …
Whew, Here are the key takeaways from the pretreatment of textiles: – Textile pretreatment is essential for transforming raw materials into high-quality and functional textiles. – Different fabrics require specific pretreatment techniques …
The aim of this work was to study the degradation of lignin in raw wood via pretreatment with heteropoly acids as substitutes for traditional H 2 SO 4 in γ-valerolactone/water. By optimizing catalyst concentration, reaction time and temperature, the optimal lignin degradation conditions are obtained (130 °C, 3 h and 20 mM silicotungstic acid).
The FT-IR spectrum of cellulose materials before and after pretreatment is shown in Fig. 1 a. It can be seen that the raw material (C 0) showed a characteristic absorption of cellulose, while the samples after pretreatment (C 1 –C 5) had similar spectrum except a new absorption peak at 1576 cm −1, which is attributed to the asymmetric stretching vibration of C …
The raw material is coal tar pitch containing 3% wt. QI and purified from QI coal tar pitch. Model analysis showed that PQI increases the overall sphere generation frequency by a factor of five, reduces the coalescence rate by order of magnitude, and reduces the linear growth rate by a factor of 2. ... Other oil and coal feedstock pretreatment ...
The article "Study of raw material pretreatment and microbiota selection effect on the composting process efficiency" is interesting and well written. In this study they looked at 9 different compost piles subjected to chemical and microbiological treatments. They found that a specific microbial inoculum at 2.5% concentration with 10% NaOH ...
The increased cellulose content in the OPL residue post DES pretreatment conveyed its thermally more stable state than the respective raw material (Section 3.5.4), after lignin removal. In fact, this was verified by the FTIR spectra, which visibly showed the characteristic peaks of the isolated aromatic lignin ( Section 3.5.2 ).
Graph of Time vs. Cellulose with HCl Pretreatment Cellulose in tobacco stems as a raw material before pretreatment is 50.320. After pretreatment with H2SO4, cellulose, which can be separated from lignin, was 23.52%, while pretreatment with HCl was produced 24.43%. The result of separation in the pretreatment process is only about 50% of the ...
So far, most research efforts regarding pretreatment of raw materials have been devoted to producing biological ethanol by different research groups, and quite few of them were applied to biohydrogen production by anaerobic bacteria. ... The raw material was composed of carbohydrate (40.3%), protein (3.6%), fat (2.5%), lipid (3.2%) and water ...
The invention discloses a pretreatment process and a system of raw materials. The pretreatment process includes: step one, adding water into chlorine-containing raw materials, stirring and mixing; step two, subjecting the mixed materials obtained in the step one to precipitation and concentration; step three, subjecting the concentrated materials obtained in …
One of the major challenges that the biorefinery concept faces to become successful is to find suitable raw materials. It is likely that second-grade or waste materials will be the main raw material supply in a biorefinery. This …
Conventionally, a combined system consist- ing of a dry or wet pulverizer and kneading mac- hine is applied to the pretreatment of fine mat- erials for agglomeration, especially for pellet- izing. However, treatment cannot be expected to be satisfactory owing to the complexities of the process. A new process was developed to over- come the defects inherent in the conventional …
Firstly, we initiated the pretreatment of the raw material La 2 O 3 powders subjected to calcination at various temperatures, as illustrated in Fig. 1 a. As confirmed through XRD analysis, the presence of diffraction peaks corresponding to La(OH) 3 (PDF # 96-403-1382) was observed in the La 2 O 3 powder stored at room temperature and also when calcined …
MA pretreatment was conducted by adding 1 % malic acid to the raw material and reacting it at 180 °C for 40 min. After pretreatment with MA, 59.44 g of solids were obtained. The solids contained 35.23 g glucose, 22.56 g lignin and 1.65 g xylose.
The invention discloses a raw material pretreatment method for a straw-based seedling raising pot, a product and a production method of the seedling raising pot. The raw material pretreatment method comprises the following steps: straw materials are dried, subjected to impurity removal and crushed; water accounting for 1.5-6 times by mass of the straw …
Title: Hemp raw materials: The effect of cultivar, growth conditions and pretreatment on the chemical composition of the fibres Department: Biosystems Department Risø-R-1507(EN) March 2005 ISSN 0106-2840 ISBN 87-550-3419-5 Contract no.: Group's own reg. no.: 139 Sponsorship: The Danish Research Agency of the Ministry of Science Cover :
The pretreatment of wood-plastic raw materials includes the pretreatment of wood fiber powder, plant fiber powder and plastic.First, the purchased wood powder, bamboo powder, rice bran, straw powder, etc. are pretreated by cleaning, sorting, removing impurities, crushing and drying, etc.Screen the particles with a particle size within 80 meshes, and then …
Raw material pretreatment is an indispensable link in the production process of feed pellet mill, which directly affects pellet quality and production efficiency. Through pretreatment methods and techniques such as cleaning, sieving, grinding, conditioning, homogenization, mixing, batching, extrudig and fermentation, pellet quality can be ...
In this review, the effects of four pretreatments on the properties of pellets were assessed. Thermal pretreatment can improve the hydrophobicity of pellets, and optimize their …
pretreatment sintering raw materials raw materials Prior art date Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Granted Application number EP05804043A Other languages German (de) French (fr)
Influence of raw material pretreatment methods on macro responses in BaTiO 3 –BaZrO 3 solid solutions D. V. Volkov a Institute of High Technologies and Piezotechnics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Correspondence [email protected]
The ALE values in Fig. 7 were relatively low, suggesting that these pretreatment did not have the effect of increasing methane production for raw materials with LC exceeding 15 %. Therefore, when LC in the raw material exceeded 15 %, the use of high concentrations of AHP for pretreatment was the most suitable option to enhance methane production.
A method for pretreating a sintering material using as a material at least two types of iron ore containing coarse grains and fine powder, using a first granulator to make the fine powder stick to coarse grains forming core grains so as to produce S-type granules, and using a second granulator to granulate only fine powder or mainly fine powder to produce P-type granules, …
Therefore, the pretreatment of raw materials can improve the sintering ability and broaden the sintering temperature range of Li 2 MgTiO 4 ceramics. Acknowledgments. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11464009, 61761015, ...
The aim to achieve the long-term goals of sustainable circular economy which prominently focuses on the "recovery and reuse" of bio-based raw materials rather than the conventional industrial approach of "take, make and dispose of" the raw materials has also motivated the use of renewable sources of energy (Hassan et al., 2018).
Raw material Pretreatment type Pretreatment condition Reducing sugars (%) Delignification rate (%) Fermentation condition Bioethanol yield Reference; Rice straw: Choline chloride-based solvent: 60–121 °C 30 min-12 h: Xylose: 88: 57.273.6: 37 °C; 72 h: 36.7 g/L [109] Wheat straw: Organosolv: 180 °C, 40 min: 89.2: 76.4:
According to the raw material pretreatment method, rice noodles can be divided into fermented and unfermented. They can be further classified as fresh rice noodles, dried rice noodles, and instant rice noodles, based on the subsequent processing methods and the final performance of the products ( Fu, 2008 ).
The obtained results showed that the combined pre-treatment of the primary organic raw materials with 10% NaOH and adapted microbial inoculum at 2.5% was the best suited for compost piles in ...
The characteristics of raw biomass usually make necessary the pretreatment of material in order to achieve high energy and high quality biofuels prior to their end use in …
In order to explore the effect of different pretreatment processes of raw materials (soybean) on the flavor of Zhaotong soybean paste, the amino acids and volatile compounds of Zhaotong soybean paste were analyzed by steaming at 115 ℃ for 10 min (S-10), 15 min (S-15), 20 min (S-20) and 25 min (S-25), and frying at 180 ℃ for 5 min (F-5) and 10 min (F-10). The results …
