FLASH SMELTING COPPER CONCENTRATES Flash smelting is a comparatively new method of smelting copper and nickel sulfide concentrates. It takes place when the concentrate, with or without additional fueL, is suspended in gases containing oxygen whereby ... Finland, since 1949. The Ashio Smelter of the Mining Co., which went into operation ...
This year marks the 70th anniversary of flash smelting. The technology was operated for the first time on an industrial scale on April 20th, 1949 at the Harjavalta copper smelter in Finland.
The Flash Smelting technique was developed initially for the copper sulphide concentrates but adopted shortly thereafter for nickel, iron and lead sulphide concentrates [4-5] which brought additional dimensions to the process chemistry. Altogether 58 flash smelting furnaces have been built so far, including the
The total electricity consumption of the flash smelter line was about 1000 kWh per ton of anode copper, while the electrical smelter line was consuming approximately 3000 kWh to produce the same amount of anode copper. The …
In 1946, the Finnish company Outokumpu (now Outotec) began to develop flash smelting technology. In 1949, due to a shortage of electricity, the company's Harjavalta smelter replaced the electric furnace with the flash furnace for copper smelting, marking the successful industrial application of the Outotec flash smelting technology. ...
TOP COPPER PRODUCING COUNTRIES - MINING, 2022 (USGS, 2022) SMELTING AND ELECTROREFINING TOP COPPER SMELTING COUNTRIES, 2019 (USGS, 2019) 46% China 8% Japan 5% Chile 5% Russia 3% Korea 3% Zambia 3% Poland 2% United States 2% Germany Australia 21% Other countries 2% LEACHING, SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND …
Flash smelting is a pyrometallurgical process for smelting metal sulphide concentrates. It is used primarily for copper sulphide concentrates, but it is also used to a significant extent for nickel sulphide concentrates. The flash smelting process for sulphide concentrates was developed by the Finnish mining company, Outokumpu Oy, from 1948 ...
Currently, more than 50% of the world s primary copper is produced by Flash Smelting technology. There are two types of flash smelting: the Outotec process (~30 furnaces in operation) and the Inco process (four furnaces in operation). The Outotec Flash Smelting Furnace (FSF) (Helsinki, Finland) comprises three different parts, as shown in Figure 1:
The flash smelting process developed by Outokumpu Oy of Finland and modified by the Mitsui Mining and Smelting Company, was adopted for more flexibility in processing different grades of copper concentrate, high recovery of sulfur, and reduced power and oil consumption.
The Outokumpu flash smelting process for lead is an extension of the successful flash smelting technology developed by Outokumpn for copper and nickel and applied to lead concentrates. It was developed and piloted at a 5 t/h treatment rate in the late 1980s bnt has not been commercially applied.
This document provides an overview of copper production using Outokumpu Flash Smelting technology and discusses developments and environmental impacts over time. It outlines the key milestones, including the first flash smelting pilot plant in Harjavalta, Finland in 1949 and subsequent commercial plants. The technology improved energy efficiency in smelting and …
detailed physical and numerical modelling of the furnace, its external concentrate and off-gas handling devices, and the process conditions. The Flash Smelting technique was developed …
Freeze-lining formation and microstructure in a direct-to-blister flash smelting slag Pekka Taskinen, Markku Kaskiala, Kaisa Miettinen, Jani Jansson Aalto University, School of Chemical Technology MSE/Metallurgical thermodynamics and modeling group P.O. Box 16200, FI-00076 Aalto (Finland) Abstract: Copper smelting in one processing step directly from concentrates …
Ivanhoe Mines Co-Chairs Robert Friedland and Yufeng "Miles" Sun have announced that Kamoa Copper has awarded China Nerin Engineering of Jiangxi, China, with the basic engineering contract for the planned, direct-to-blister flash smelter at the Kamoa-Kakula Copper Complex that will incorporate leading-edge technology supplied by Outotec's …
Flash smelting furnace (Finnish: Liekkisulatus, literally "flame-smelting") is a smelting process for sulfur-containing ores including chalcopyrite.The process was developed by Outokumpu in Finland.It was first applied at the Harjavalta plant in 1949 for smelting copper ore. It has also been adapted for nickel and lead production.
In Copper Flash Smelting, flue dust can cause severe problems in the gas handling system, which typically consists of a heat recovery boiler and electrostatic precipitator. If the process is …
In Copper Flash Smelting, flue dust can cause severe problems in the gas handling system, which typically consists of a heat recovery boiler and electrostatic precipitator. If the process is not operated properly, the flue dust may form accretions on the boiler wall, reducing boiler heat transfer and subjecting the surfaces to corrosion.
The first flash furnace was made in Finland in 1949. Since then, flash smelting has been used in many large copper smelters in Canada, the USA, Japan, China, and other countries. This process produces about one-third of the world's copper. China has also adopted flash smelting method to smelt metallic nickel, which has brought good technical ...
Thermal Conductivity and Characteristics of Copper Flash Smelting Flue Dust Accretions Elli Miettinen. Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science in Technology to be presented with due permission of the Faculty of Chemistry and Materials Sciences for public examination and debate in Auditorium V1 at Helsinki University of Technology (Espoo, Finland) on the 5 th of …
Flash smelting (Finnish: Liekkisulatus, literally "flame-smelting") is a smelting process for sulfur-containing ores including chalcopyrite. The process was developed by Outokumpu in Finland and first applied at the Harjavalta plant in 1949 for smelting copper ore.
@misc{etde_463989, title = {Computer simulation of gas flow and heat transfer in waste-heat boilers of the Outokompu copper flash smelting process} author = {Yang, Yongxiang} abstractNote = {Gas flow and heat transfer phenomena in an old and a modified industrial-scale waste-heat boiler of the Outokumpu copper flash smelting process were ...
Since the first industrial application in 1940s, flash smelting has been developed for other applications than copper matte smelting, including the oxygen enriched smelting, continuous converting to blister copper with low sulphur concentration, and direct-to …
for copper chemical losses in copper smelting (AC). The values of Cu 2 S dissolved in t he slag are lower than 0.1 wt.%, but no null because slag is equilibrated with matte through a liquid solvus.
Dust formation and the reaction mechanisms of copper matte particles were investigated in simulated flash-oxidation conditions. The granulated and ground matte consisted of 72% Cu, 4% F e and 21% S (by weight). Experiments were conducted by using a laminar-flow furnace with a reaction-gas composition ranging from 20% to 75% O2 (by volume) in nitrogen. …
Almalyk MMC is the main copper producer in Uzbekistan. The company produces refined copper, gold, silver, zinc, molybdenum, lead concentrate and other products. 's scope of delivery to Almalyk MMC's new copper smelter complex includes flash smelting and flash converting, gas cleaning and sulfuric acid production technologies. The ...
Flash Smelting Furnace 5 With high Sulphur capture coupled with economy of scale, Flash Smelting technology is world's leading method for copper smelting. More than half of the world's primary coper is produced by the flash smelting process. The process was developed at Harjavalta, Finland, in 1949. While the principle has
metals Article CopperArticle Flash Smelting Process Balance Modeling Copper Flash Smelting Process Balance Modeling María Bacedoni 1,2,*, Ignacio Moreno-Ventas 1,2 and Guillermo Ríos 3 María Bacedoni 1,2,*, Ignacio …
Currently, more than 50% of the world's primary copper is produced by Flash Smelting technology. There are two types of flash smelting: the Outotec process (~30 furnaces in operation) and the ...
One of the most advanced and longest time in use is the FLASH code which is based on the development and validation in Finland in 1990s in close cooperation with Outotec ... Dynamic modeling of copper flash smelting process at a smelter in China. Appl. Math. Modell., 38 (7–8) (2014), pp. 2206-2213. View PDF View article View in Scopus Google ...
(PRESS RELEASE) ESPOO, 12-Feb-2024 — /EuropaWire/ — Aurubis Bulgaria AD has awarded a contract for a copper Flash Smelting Furnace rebuild project located in the Zlatitsa-Pirdop Valley in Bulgaria. The value of the contract exceeds EUR 10 million, and it is booked in the Minerals segment's first-quarter 2024 order intake ...
For copper, flash smelting consists of bio wing fine, dry copper-iron-sulphide concentrate into a hot hearth furnace with industrial oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or air; thereby producing molten Cu-Fe-S matte, molten slag and S02-bearing off-gas. ... SmeltingVolumel, edited bySohn, H. Y.,George,D. B. and Zunkel, A. D.,TMS-AIME, Warrendale ...
The fundamental feature of the flash smelting process is its capability to utilise the ... Flash smelting copper concentrates, JOM, 10, (7), 395–400. Crossref. Google Scholar. Geveci A, Rosenqvist T. 1973. Equilibrium relations between liquid ... Espoo, Finland. Google Scholar. Taskinen P, Kojo I 2009 Fluxing options in the direct-to ...
Outotec Research Oy, Finland ABSTRACT Direct smelting of sulphidic copper concentrates to blister copper involves clear benefits in the smelting operation, in particular if modern flash smelting technologies are used. ... The history of making blister copper in a Flash Smelting Furnace dates back to the late 1960's, when Outotec's ...
Outokumpu had moved their modern electric copper smelter from the eastern part of Finland to the western part during the last stages of the World War II. After the war the price of electric...
The first International Flash Smelting Congress was arranged 50 years ago, when engineers from fourteen flash smelters around the world convened in Finland to share their operating experiences. 's Outotec Flash Smelting Process is currently the most sustainable smelting method available, resulting in a high recovery of metals with low ...
