The feasibility of recovering magnesium from ferronickel slag by vacuum reduction was evaluated. The thermodynamic calculations indicated that the magnesia in slag can be reduced to gaseous ...
The Ferronickel Metallurgical Complex is undergoing the recovery process for the third time in less than 20 years. First, a separate challenge for Ferronikeli was the transformation from a social enterprise to a private one, and secondly, the financial problems that led to the change of the owner who had privatized it. The complex includes a factory…
Feronikel Feronikel dihasilkan dari peleburan reduksi bijih nikel oksida atau silikat yang mengandung besi . Pengolahan bijih nikel laterit menjadi feronikel merupakan suatu metode yang paling umum digunakan di industri saat ini. Proses ini ditujukan untuk bijih saprolit yang kaya akan magnesium (15—28%) dan kandungan besi yang cukup rendah (13—20%). Feronikel, …
The products from casting vary from 0.1 kg 'ferrocones' through 20 kg ingots (and occasionally 90 kg ingots).They are used for all types of melting and alloying. The product from granulation is about 0.03 m diameter, 0.005 m thick flat ferronickel 'beans'.This product is particularly useful for controlled-rate feeding to argon–oxygen and vacuum-oxygen stainless steelmaking furnaces ...
The raw ferronickel with 13%Ni needs further refining to become ferronickel with approximately 20% Ni. This process takes place inside the converter. Oxygen is blown inside the liquid raw …
The viability of synergistic preparing refractory material from ferronickel slag (FNS) and ferrochromium slag (FCS) has been confirmed based on the phase and microstructural …
The raw ferronickel with 13%Ni needs further refining to become ferronickel with approximately 20% Ni. This process takes place inside the converter. Oxygen is blown inside the liquid raw ferronickel (lava). This oxygen re-oxidizes a part of the iron, thus creating iron oxide (slag). This converter slag, floating above the
Ferronickel slag (FNS) is a solid waste generated from the process of ferronickel alloy production for manufacture of stainless steel [1, 2].FNS is mainly composed of silica, magnesium oxide and ferric oxide, with the main mineral phases of olivine, enstatite, diopside, etc [1, 3].Its annual discharge in China exceeds 30 million tons [4], making it the fourth largest …
Electric furnace ferronickel slag (EFS), as a typical metallurgical solid waste, has extremely low pozzolanic activity due to the fact that most SiO 2 in EFS exists in the form of forsterite crystal (Mg 2 SiO 4) which is difficult to participate in hydration in alkaline condition [11], [12], [13], thereby leading to its low resource utilization rate (about 8 %).
The sticking phenomenon between molten slag and refractory is one of the crucial problems when preparing ferronickel from laterite ore using rotary hearth furnace or rotary kiln processes. This study aims to ameliorate sticking problems by using silicon dioxide (SiO2) to adjust the melting degree of the briquette during reduction roasting. Thermodynamic analysis …
2.2 Methods. 2.2a Ferronickel preparation: The ferronickel smelting using a mini blast furnace (MBF) was employed to yield the ferronickel from nickel laterite ore.Then, the ferronickel was ground using a handheld grinder equipped with diamond grinding wheels until it reached a particle size small enough to pass a 50-micron sieve 1).. 2.2b Leaching process: …
The elemental analysis of the ferronickel slag was determined using a PANalytical Axios wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF, PANalytical, Netherlands). The phase compositions of the materials were determined using a Bruker D8 Advance X-ray diffractometer manufactured by Bruker, Germany (Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54056 Å, 40 kV, 250 mA ...
The Ministry of Steel has issued an extension order in accordance with the Gazette Notification Ferronickel of the Steel & Steel Products (Quality Control) Order 2024, S.O. 4637(E) dated February 5, 2024, and subsequent order dated May 1, 2024. The enforcement date for the Indian Standard 4409:2023 Ferronickel is hereby extended for an ...
Ferronickel slag Recycling all of the large volume of slag generated from the ferronickel manufacturing process. Ferronickel slag is a by-product of the ferronickel smelting process. Molten slag is poured into cooling pits, where it is cooled by atmospheric cooling and moderate sprinkling with water, to turn it into a solid, rock-like state.
Ferronickel (Fe-Ni) production from oxidized Ni ores by using reduction methods is achieved according to thermodynamics . So, in roasting reduction of the ore at 850–1000 °C, we have a simultaneous reduction of Ni, Co, and Fe oxides.
Blast furnace ferronickel slag (BFFS) is a byproduct generated during the production of ferronickel alloy using a blast furnace [[1], [2], [3]].The global annual discharge of ferronickel slag is estimated to exceed 60 million tons, with China alone generating around 30 million tons annually [4, 5].BFFS accounts for a large part of the total amount of ferronickel …
Purpose Ferronickel is irreplaceable in modern infrastructure construction because of its use in stainless steel production. This study explored the cost-combined environmental impacts of ferronickel production in China which is the largest producer and consumer of ferronickel in the world. Methods Life cycle impact assessment was combined with life cycle …
The first nickel in the form of ferronickel produced was in 1982 from locally mined ores and the annual output was around 2,000 tonnes. The plant has operated under a number of different owners since then with its growth linked to the global nickel and energy prices. In 2017-2018 the plant went through a restructuring process.
The feasibility of a coupled process to prepare ferronickel and cementitious materials by the direct reduction of laterite nickel ore and gangue calcination, respectively, is discussed under varying thermodynamic conditions.
The ferronickel product grade and metal recovery as a function of C/O are shown in Fig. 7, which revealed that with an increase in C/O from 0.8 to 1.4, the nickel grade declined from 11.37 wt% to 7.84 wt%, and a significant increase in metal recovery was observed with increasing C/O. When serpentine and chlorite in nickel laterite undergo ...
In this study, we developed a novel method of preparing a high-grade ferronickel product from low-grade nickel laterite via self-reduction and selective oxidation with a CO 2 …
Blast furnace ferronickel slag (BFFS) was converted to thermal insulation materials by sintering of its mixture with 15 wt% fly ash cenosphere (FAC) from 1000 °C to 1200 °C. The influence of sintering temperature on the phase compositions, microstructures, and properties of the materials was investigated based on both thermodynamic and ...
ANTAM had 3 ferronickel smelters (FeNi II, III and IV) with 4 production lines with annual combined capacity of 27,000 TNi. Ferronickel processing in Pomalaa utilizes RKEF (Rotary Kiln Electric Furnace) method in which nickel ore is smelted in electric furnace to produce ferronickel in shots (pellets). ANTAM's 102 MW power plant at Pomalaa
This study aimed to fully recover ammonia contained at a high concentration in anaerobic digestate of piggery wastewater (ADPW) by forming struvite. As magnesium and phosphorus sources, ferronickel slag (FNS) and K2HPO4 were used, respectively. By leaching 200 g L-1 …
Since the main chemical components of ferronickel slag are SiO 2, Fe 2 O 3, MgO, and chromium, ferronickel, and manganese compounds, ferronickel slag can potentially utilized as raw materials for cement clinker, SCMs, and fine aggregates (Nath et al., 2022).And there is no potential threat to environmental issues with the application of ferronickel slag in …
Ferronickel enrichment and extraction from nickel laterite ore were studied through reduction and magnetic separation. Reduction experiments were performed using hydrogen and carbon monoxide as reductants at different temperatures (700–1000°C). Magnetic separation of the reduced products was conducted using a SLon-100 cycle pulsating magnetic separator …
Desulphurization of Ferronickel in the converters with oxygen is the most complex part of the technological process in the Drenas foundry. Sulphur in the ferronickel melting is mostly in the form ...
FERRONICKEL PRODUCTION AND OPERATION Table 3: Process steps of converter route Process step Aim 1 Tapping from electric furnace into the transport ladle 2 Oxygen blowing in the converter Enrichment of nickel Removal of carbon, silicon, phosphorus 3 De slagging Removal ofFe203, Si02 and P20s rich slag 4 Electric arc or ladle furnace treatment Deoxidation and …
Bio-Sourced Nickel Done Right. Botanickel's activity is designed to meet the needs and challenges of a world well-aware of the limits of its planetary resources, around a value chain that is innovative, is environmentally friendly …
The ferronickel slag sample was a submerged arc furnace slag from the production of Ni–Fe alloy [32]. As showed in Table 1, the ferronickel slag was characterized by high contents of silica (48.29 wt%) and magnesia (30.95 wt%). The concentration of Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, and Ni in ferronickel slag was 3023.09 mg/kg, 329.98 mg/kg, 528.57 mg/kg, 8135. ...
Contribute to hongyib/fr development by creating an account on GitHub.
Overview This page contains the latest trade data of Ferro-nickel.In 2022, Ferro-nickel were the world's 178th most traded product, with a total trade of $19.4B. Between 2021 and 2022 the exports of Ferro-nickel grew by 61.1%, from $12B to $19.4B.
More than 30 million tons of ferronickel slag (FNS) are annually discharged in China. FNS has become the fourth largest type of smelting industrial waste after blast furnace slag, steel slag and red mud (Huang et al., 2017).FNS is found to be useful in many applications, such as metal recycling (Zulhan and Agustina, 2021; Gu et al., 2021), glass (Kim et al., 2018), …
Rotary kiln-electric furnace (RKEF) smelting is currently the world-wide mainstreaming process for ferronickel production from nickeliferous laterite ore, in spite of the …
